 Introduzione
History and Culture
In the mid-Stone Age the valleys of what is now Trentino were already inhabited by man, the main settlements being in the valley of the Adige River, thanks for its milder climate. Scholars have supposed the first settlers (probably hunters) came from the Padana Plain and the Veneetian Prealps, after the first glaciers started to melt at the end of the Pleistocene glaciations.
Ancient history
Around 500 BCE, the Raetians appeared in the Trentine territory, coming from the Central and Eastern Alps area. They settled in several valleys and improved and introduced new activities along with the traditional hunting: agriculture (wine, vegetables, cereals), breeding (ovines, goats, bovines and horses). From the Roman Age, the entire territory of current Trentino-South Tyrol was known as Raetia.
This region was conquered by the Romans only in the 1st century BCE. The definitive defeat of the Rhaetians, near Bolzano-Bozen, occurred during the military campaigns in the Alps of Drusus and Tiberius (16-17 BCE). Trento became a Roman municipium between in the 40s BEE. During the reign of Emperor Claudius (41-54 CE) the Trentino was integrated in the Imperial roadnet with the construction of the Via Claudia Augusta Padana (from Ostiglia to the Resia Pass) and the Via Augusta Altinate (from Treviso to Trento, passing through the Valsugana).
Middle Ages
During the Late Antiquity, in the 5th century CE, the Trentino was invaded several times, from North and East: first by the Ostrogoths, then by the Bavarians and Byzantines and finally by the Lombards. With the latter's domination an idea of territorial identity of the province began to shape (Tridentinum territorium). In the same century the region became largely Christianized. In 774 the Trentino was conquered by the Franks and became part of the Kingdom of Italy, a sometimes vague entity included in what was to become the Holy Roman Empire.
The first territorial unity of Trentino dates back to 1027, when emperor Conrad II officially gave the rule of the area to the Bishopric of Trent. This entity survived for some eight centuries and granted Trentino a certain autonomy, first from the Holy Roman Empire and then from Austria.
Modern age
In the early 19th century the Trentine people participated actively to the resistance against the French invasion led by the Tyrolese Andreas Hofer. After the end of the Napoleonic era (1815), the Bishopric of Trento was dissolved and Trentino became part of the County of Tyrol, in which the majority of the population was German speaking.
The Trentine territory was one of the main fronts of the conflict (1915-1918) between Italy and Austria-Hungary, and suffered heavy destruction. After the call to arms summoned by Emperor Francis Joseph on July 31, 1914, more than 60,000 Trentine fought for Austria, first against Russia and Serbia and, starting from 1915, also against other Italians. More than 10,000 of them died, and many others were wounded or made prisoners. Further, hundreds of thousands of civilians were forced to abandon their native area when they were too near to the front lines. Many of them, captured by the Italian Army, were later transferred to Southern Italy as colonists.
With the Treaty of Versailles (1919), the Trentino was annexed to Italy, together with the new Province of Bolzano (South Tyrol), firstly as part of Venezia Tridentina. After World War II, the treaty signed by the Italian and Austrian Ministers of Foreign affairs, the Trentine Alcide De Gasperi and Karl Gruber, the autonomous Region of Trentino-South Tyrol was constituted.In 1972, finally, the regional autorities was largely handed over to the two provinces.
In the 1960s and 1970s Trentino witnessed strong economic development, spurred mainly by the tourism sector and by the new autonomy. It is currently one of the richest and best developed Italian provinces.
Places in the Region of Trentino
Its mountains have been cut by glaciers into several deep, broad valleys, many of which face south remaining warm and sunny, even in winter. Trentino shares with Alto Adige a marvel of the Alps: the Dolomites. The Dolomites are unique mountains because the sun's rays give the rocks a fiery red glow at dawn and sunset, a phenomenum called “enrosadira”. Peaks like the Torri del Vajolet or Campanil Basso di Brenta are known everywhere, and not only by mountaineers.
The Dolomites can be considered one of the most famous tourist destination of the Alps both in winter and in summer. In winter it offers a ski carousel between one ski area and the next along 600 km of downhill runs (and 480 km of cross-country tracks), served by 300 modern ski lifts and with groomed pistes for all abilities covered with snow thanks to 2,500 snow-making facilities. Events and activities in the heart of the Dolomites and in the nature parks for a balance between the mountain environment and mental and physical well-being, the relationship between art and culture, and a chance to discover the goodness of the wine and the food: these are the main ingredients of a summer-holiday in Trentino.
Among the several monuments of the Trentino's valleys the Castles are the most impressive. Indeed, this small patch of land that pushes its way into the Alps and that has always acted as bridge between the Mediterranean (Latin) world and the nordic (Germanic) one, is disseminated with a large number of castles. Populations and military troops alike have repeatedly crossed through these valleys in the centuries, and the signs of these migrations have remained. Arrogant noblemen and powerful princes have written their name for eternity in the stones of their manor-fortresses. The traveller who yields to the charm of Castel Beseno, or of Castel Thun, of Castello del Buonconsiglio or of Rocca di Arco - just to mention a few ? will discover the fascinating history of Trentino preserved forever in their structure.
Eventi
Every summer, twenty-five wineries open their doors to invite tourists in for guided tours and displays, tastings and meetings with musicians performing against the unusual backdrop of wine casks and bottles. A winning formula which over the last three years has proved immensely popular with music fans and wine lovers alike.
The Sounds of the Dolomites - Summer
“The Sounds of the Dolomites” is a series of concerts devised and organised by the A.P.T. del Trentino. The extraordinary backdrop of the Dolomites becomes the unusual but ideal stage for soloists and groups of international stature who can thus experiment with a new approach to music and to their instruments, establishing an immediate rapport with the audience.
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Reiseführer zu Trentino Alto Adige
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