 Introduction
History
In 1260 Nicola Pisano took over responsibility for the project, followed (1285-93) by his son Giovanni. Nicola Pisano was the founder of a great line of Gothic sculptors who liberated their art from the static iconography of medievalism to a new level of dynamic action and intense expressiveness that would influence Ghiberti and Donatello and so pave the road for the Renaissance. The pulpit Nicola carved for the baptistery (1255-60) is his masterpiece and the prototype for a series he and his son Giovanni carried out over the years (the last, Giovanni's greatest work, is in Pisa's Duomo; the other two are in Pistoia and Siena).
Nicola Pisano added the airy loggia with its Gothic embroidery of triangles and aediculas, the setting for sculpture from the workshop of Nicola and Giovanni Pisano. The roof vaulting was completed in 1358, with tiles and lead plaques and crowned by a 11ft high bronze figure of the Baptist, attributed to the 14th-century artist Turino di Sano. Most of the figures on the outside of the building have now been replaced by copies; the originals are in museums.
Location
Address: Piazza del Duomo, Pisa 56100, Italy
Transit:Bus: 1, 3, 11
Whats to See
On entering the baptistery, the immensity of the building is even more convincing than from outside. Here, in fact, you obtain an immediate sense of the proportions. The height is 180 feet and the diameter 116 feet. Inside, one can admire the beautiful baptismal font and, near the altar, the pulpit, the work of the great Nicola Pisano in 1260. The Font is located in the middle of the temple on three steps. It's a work of Guido Bigarelli. In the middle of the basin there is a statue of the Baptist, of Italo Griselli. The font is enriched with eight faces decorated by central rose-windows and by geometrical marble decorations.
Of the four portals, the one on the east which opens onto the splendid facade of the Cathedral, is the finest and artistically most elaborate. The jambs are decorated with beautiful relief of pure Byzantine inspiration which depict, on the right, the Apostles, the Ascension and David, while on the left a trenchant series of the Months. The lintel is divided into two tiers; in the lower one is a description of Episodes in the life of St. John the Baptist, in the upper one, Christ between the Madonna and St. John the Baptist with Angels and Evangelists alternating. The interior is spacious and acoustically perfect, if you are lucky, you will be treated to a demonstration of the incredible acoustics. Most of the exterior statues and decorative elements by Giovanni Pisano are now kept in the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo.
Useful information
Open: Apr-Sept daily 8am-7:30pm; Mar and Oct daily 9am-5:30pm; Nov-Feb daily 9am-4:30pm
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